Research only·Tripeptide-copper complex
GHK-Cu
aka Copper peptide, Copper tripeptide-1
Education only. Many compounds discussed are research chemicals not approved for human use in the US. This is not medical advice — consult a licensed physician.
What it is
Naturally occurring tripeptide that binds copper. Studied for skin remodeling, hair regrowth, and gene expression modulation. Topical forms widely used in cosmetics.
How it works
Modulates expression of ~4,000 genes related to wound healing, anti-inflammation, and tissue remodeling. Stimulates collagen and elastin synthesis.
What the research says
Multiple in-vitro and animal studies demonstrate broad gene expression effects. Topical cosmetic use clinically studied. Injectable use limited human data.
Sources: PubMed: GHK-Cu
Common dosing ranges
- Range
- Injectable: 1.5–2 mg/day. Topical: 0.05–0.2% serum concentrations.
- Frequency
- 5–6 days/week injectable; daily topical
- Duration
- 10–12 week cycles common
Sources: PubMed reviews
Administration
SubQ · Topical
Half-life
Plasma <1 hour; tissue effects last days
Side effects
Common
- Injection site irritation
- Topical: rare contact dermatitis
Serious / theoretical
- Excess copper concerns with high-dose chronic use
Sources: PubMed